network externality การใช้

• North emphasizes that network externalities ) favor the preservation of existing institutions.
• Without network externality this form of communication would have been impossible.
• Network Externality positively affects the cultural commons in many ways.
• Napster, which Sherman calls " a giant piracy machine, " is an example of a network externality.
• But Microsoft enjoys a special competitive advantage in its market, which economists call a " network externality ."
• The expression " network effect " is applied most commonly to positive network externalities as in the case of the telephone.
• The keys to the analysis of networks are the twin concepts of positive feedback and network externalities, say Shapiro and Varian.
• One form of network externality is social media, which is a peer-to-peer network ran by a privately held for profit business.
• But in a broader sense they are also beneficiaries of " network externalities, " the way the Web creates demand for itself.
• Based on his experience with the Picturephone introduction in the early 1970s, Rohlfs came up with a concept he called " network externalities ."
• My publisher uses PowerPoint because everyone else uses PowerPoint; the sheer force of " network externalities " gives the Microsoft product an effective monopoly.
• Network externality like Ted . com is an example of how intellectual commons with the use of network externality benefits society as a whole.
• Network externality like Ted . com is an example of how intellectual commons with the use of network externality benefits society as a whole.
• International transaction costs, network externalities, lack of credible domestic policies and underdeveloped local bond market are claimed to be the main reasons to the original sin.
• According to Rohlfs'definition, a good or service exhibits network externalities when its value to a potential purchaser depends on how many other people have purchased the good.
• It is through large P2P networks and network externality that humans can create a reward system large enough to deter seekers of patents to be rewarded in different ways.
• However, some economists, such as Barry Eichengreen argue that this is not as true when it comes to the denomination of official reserves because the network externalities are not strong.
• Both Office and Windows are near-monopolies sustained in part by " network externalities " _ economese for the incentive people have to use the same products that other people are using.
• Negative network externalities can also occur, where more users make a product less valuable, but are more commonly referred to as " congestion " ( as in traffic congestion or network congestion ).
• Moreover, they claimed that international transaction costs, network externalities, and global capital market imperfections were the main reasons ( which are beyond the control of an individual country ) of the original sin.